A new design on broadband flextensional transducer

The new flextensional transducer presented is driven by a tube stacked by longitudinally polarized piezoelectric ceramic rings. The rings are compressed between two annulus steel end plates which are coupled by a dual convex aluminum shell with slotted gaps. The transducer is a free-flooded design with the interior of the tube open to the surrounding water. Three main vibrating modes including the cavity, the longitudinal and the radial can be utilized by appropriately coupling design to broaden the working bandwidth. A prototype is fabricated and measured. The results confirm the three vibrating modes mentioned above and the broad band of transmitting voltage response is gained successfully with difference less than 10 dB from 2200 Hz to 9000 Hz.     

Dynamic modeling of thickness-mode piezoelectric transducer using the block diagram approach

This paper aims to provide an alternative method to determine the characteristics of a piezoelectric transducer from measurement. A block diagram approach is proposed to analyze the dynamic characteristics of a thickness-mode piezoelectric transducer at its resonance frequency. Based on the feedback loop framework, the input-output relations of the electromechanical interaction of the transducer are described in terms of linear block diagram models. Furthermore, the closed-loop relations from external force to vibration velocity and electric current from generated voltage are easily found by Mason’s rule to characterize the equivalent mechanical admittance and electrical impedance, respectively. An example of a Langevin transducer with 28.15 kHz resonance frequency is illustrated for dynamics analysis. The frequency responses of the piezoelectric transducer, resulting from a force and current input, are respectively measured to identify the system parameters of the feedback model. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

A new algorithm for spatial impulse response of rectangular planar transducers

Previous solutions for spatial impulse responses of rectangular planar transducers require either approximations or complex geometrical considerations. This paper describes a new, simplified and exact solution using only trigonometric functions and simple set operations. This solution, which can be numerically implemented with a straightforward algorithm, is an exact implementation of the Rayleigh integral without any far field or paraxial approximation. Additionally, a nonlinear relationship was also established for spatial impulse responses from two field points which share the same projection point on the transducer surface plane. By incorporating this relationship in the algorithm, the computational efficiency of spatial impulse responses and continuous fields is improved about 20-folds and 14-folds, respectively. This algorithm has practical applications in designing l-D linear/phased arrays, 1.5-D arrays and 2-D arrays, as demonstrated through numerical simulations with array transducers. Experiments were also conducted to verify the new solution and results show that the algorithm is both accurate and efficient. The application of this method may include development of ultrasound imaging system for hard and soft tissue nondestructive assessment.     

Macroscopic theory of electrochemical transducer of alternating current,based on two-dimensional model with mesh cathodes

Basing on approximate equations describing real processes, a possibility of the presenting in general closed form of the theoretical frequency dependence of diffusion current density in the entire frequency range is considered.     

移相干涉技术中移相器的自校正方法

移相干涉技术（ＰＳＩ）是８０年代兴起的一门干涉图形自动识别技术，移相器作为移相干涉技术的关键部件其移相误差将直接影响到移相干涉技术的干涉图的识别精度。本文提出了一种移相器的自校正方法，即利用移相干涉仪的自身系统，通过快速傅里叶方法，对移相器进行逐步逼近校正。结合移相式红外干涉仪的研制，给出了一组移相器的自动校正的实验，实验表明，校正后的移相器的非线性误差可由原来的５％降低到０．２％。     

影响压力传感器温度特性的因素分析

压力传感器性能易受温度变化的影响,从而增加了测量结果的误差。文中通过对压力传感器工作原理及结构的介绍,理论分析了影响压力传感器温度特性的因素,并建立一套压力传感器变温校验系统,进而通过实验说明了温度变化对压力传感器信号输出的影响。同时,也对目前国内在低温环境下压力传感器的应用及研究情况进行了介绍。     

脉冲式光电编码器信号的检测研究

介绍了用单片计算机对脉冲式光电编码器信号进行智能检测的方法。这方法不用专用辨向细分电路，只用一个计数器和一个二输入电平口完成计算机与编码器的连接。主要功能如速度判断、方向和变向判断、位移脉冲累加、细分、输出与通迅等依靠软件和单片机内部功能实现。并且通过单片机智能地克服了目前硬件辨向细分电路在变向、抖动和快速情况下不能保证四分之一周期分辨率的缺陷。     

实用化光学电流传感器光路系统的研究

介绍了基于法拉第效应的光学电流互感器,对其光路系统进行了深入的研究。采用了一种全闭合的传感头结构并解决了光的耦合问题。从提高实用化光学电流传感器的可靠性出发,设计了一套具有光路自诊断能力的主辅光路系统,此传感器已在110kV变电站试运行。     

低频宽带大功率溢流式镶拼圆管换能器

本文介绍一种可变深度的声呐系统中应用的低频带大功率溢流式镶拼圆管换能器的设计，制作和实验结果。     

动载荷下金属板表面的微物质喷射

 用石英晶体传感器技术，测量了冲击波作用下铝合金（Ly-12）和纯铅样品自由表面的微物质喷射量。在冲击压力为32 GPa时，测得光洁度为3.2、0.4、0.1 μm的铝合金的微物质喷射量分别为1.53～3.28 g/m²，0.2～0.3 g/m²和0.053～0.096 g/m²，对光洁度为3.2 μm的纯铅样品，在压力为13 GPa和47 GPa时，微物质喷射量分别微26.4～42.4 g/m²和183～328 g/m²。在最高冲击压力约为20 GPa时，做了多次冲击下的微物质喷射量测量，发现比单次冲击加载下的喷射量有很大的减少。结果表明，微物质喷射量与自由表面的加工条件、局部熔化和加载方式等因素有关。